Whilst translating the Odyssey, Samuel Butler was impressed by the number of females in it who had important roles (Athene, Circe, Calypso, Nausicaa, Penelope) and who he felt were fully developed characters. He was convinced that only a woman could have done this, and he published his theory 'The Authoress of the Odyssey' in 1897. This was decades before women's lib and feminist research. It was not very well received by his peers, but it was never forgotten; Robert Graves producing a popular novel 'Homer's daughter' in 1955 based on the idea.