To be fair, the women in the family did have a much bigger rôle in these affairs than may seem immediately apparent from this allotment story. In fact, from a different vantage-point, their positions may have been even more secure than those of the males since they never had to vote for those positions. Sure, everyone had a particular means by which they got their share of the family estate, but for the goddesses it was often just given to them without having to fight for it or play a game of chance for it, and whether that's fair depends on whose standards are in use, I suppose.
Hera, through marrying the king of the Sky, gained the title Queen of Heaven. In a lot of traditional cultures, especially polygamous ones, the portion of honour and property given to a wife, especially the senior wife, can never be taken away from her, even after divorce. It is sort of her communal right, and apparently a mechanism to safeguard this basic part of the society's structure (wife + mother = the centre of the home, and essentially a pillar of the community). I don't know that any of this was true for the ancient Greeks (as well as it is for the cultures from other parts in the world that I have in mind), but the fact is that the Greeks' goddesses had a lot more freedom in life in general (within the household and outside) than their actual human women. A lot of Hera's character was based on her portion of the estate, and thus she had governance over the Moon and Stars, which fell within her jurisdiction up above. In a sense this gave her more power over the heavenly bodies than Zeus had. While he could command the direction and rising of the Sun at will (which he occasionally did), unlike his wife, he generally didn't control these celestial luminaries.
Speaking of the centre of the home, Zeus gave to Hestia, who wished to remain an unwed virgin forever, the middle and centre-most part of the human house as a gift, and she thus dwelt in this inner part of every house, i.e., in the hearth (fireplace) in the form of its fire. Zeus' gift may seem random, but I think it's a reference to how harsh life in ancient times was for women who did not get married, not that marriage solved all things, but some great social difficulties could certainly be avoided by it. Thus Hestia became the goddess of the home and of society as a whole. Now society was so important that the notion arose that this goddess - who existed in the form of a great sacred bonfire - should never be quenched or extinguished, even though she had her incarnations in the smaller fires of each home. Hestia was venerated by (arguably) every Greek every time s\he had a meal at home. That makes her, in this regard, the most important deity, receiving more honour than all the rest, and definitely more than Haides, who, in most of the country, was neither even named nor offered any sacrifice!
Demeter appears to have simply inherited her position as earth-goddess from her mother Rhea and grandmother Gaia, with both of which goddesses she was often equated. In the myth of the allotment of the universe's different portions to the three sons of Kronos and Rhea, the Earth is shared in common by the three, but Demeter exercises more power over the elements thereon than any of these male deities. Poseidon, when he wishes, can cause the Earth to shake. Zeus, if he wants, can lash the Earth with lightning, and he also causes rain to fall upon the same. Haides merely owns the mineral riches hidden within the Earth's depths. Demeter, however, merely on account of her mood, causes extreme weather, and even the four Seasons to occur. Drought and famine or abundance and fertility are at her whim, and the deities go through her if they wish to plague a certain region with food scarcity. The powers of fertility which Poseidon wields in the Sea and in rivers Demeter possesses on terra firma (dry land). And where Haides was hated, feared and shunned by mortals, Demeter and her daughter Persephone (Haides' wife, and yet another form of the earth-goddess in the lineage and tradition of Gaia and Rhea) were loved and worshipped as the so-called Megalai Theai, "Great Goddesses." Their cult at Eleusis in Attika promised a blessed death in an alternate place [away] from the dark house of Haides.
Also, even as the universe was being divided among the three brothers, Zeus still respected the systems of inheritance which had been put in place by the Titans before his time. According to the Homeric Hymn to Hermes, next to Kronos, Kreios was the most important of the Titans, and was named Megamedes, "Great Lord." Though Kronos was king, Kreios was like the land baron, who owned or was entitled to the entire family estate, consisting of Sky, Earth and Sea. This title was inherited by his eldest son Perses, but since both he and Perses were cast into Tartaros at the end of the Titans' War, Zeus awarded the birthright to Perses' daughter Hekate... perhaps because he was in love with her mother, Perses' wife Asteria. The reason that Hekate became such a powerful goddess is because Zeus gave her free reign over all the elements in heaven, on earth and in the sea, and, says Hesiod, Zeus ensured that she was honoured by all of the gods themselves. She further extended her powers by infiltrating Haides' domain beneath the Earth as well, by enlisting as an attendant of Persephone and thus becoming a goddess of the Underworld, as well as of Heaven, Earth and Sea. In this way, her influence filled the entire universe, and she held enough power to create magic by which to eclipse the Sun and the Moon and to disrupt the courses of other heavenly bodies, and she was then able to bestow this power upon her devotees.
Sure, a lot of the time the male Olympian divinities were just plain not-nice guys, but even in their society - so it would appear - there were some checks and balances against injustice, and in many instances I think they had to show their toughness just to hold on to their positions while the female divinities were quietly powerful.